![]() ![]() Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. ![]() This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. Ī tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. It is estimated that there are some three trillion mature trees in the world. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. ![]() Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only wood plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. European larch ( Larix decidua), a coniferous tree which is also deciduous ![]()
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